md-19003-en - Flipbook - Page 6
Product Life-Cycle
System Boundary
This EPD covers the life-cycle modules listed in the following table.
Product stage
Assembly
stage
Use stage
A1
A4
B1
A2
A3
A5
B2
End of life stage
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
C1
C2
C3
Beyond the
system
boundaries
C4
D
MND
MND
MND
MND
MND
MND
MND
MND
x
x
x
x
Transport
Assembly
Use
Maintenance
Repair
Replacement
Refurbishment
Operational energy use
Operational water use
Deconstruction/ demolition
Transport
Waste processing
Disposal
Recycling
MND
Manufacturing
Recovery
x
Transport
x
x
Raw materials
Reuse
x
Modules not declared = MND. Modules not relevant = MNR
Manufacturing And Packaging (A1-A3)
The environmental impacts considered for the product stage cover the manufacturing of raw
materials used in the production as well as packaging materials and other ancillary materials. Also,
fuels used by machines, and handling of waste formed in the production processes at the
manufacturing facilities are included in this stage. The study also considers the material losses
occurring during the manufacturing processes as well as losses during electricity transmission.
The steel ceilings are manufactured in a continuous industrial process.
In Module A1 (Raw Material Supply), the primary input is galvanized steel, which makes up more
than 97% of the total product mass. Steel is sourced in coil form and either pre-coated or coated
during production.
In Module A2 (Transport), raw materials are delivered to the production facility via truck. Standard
European transport distances and load capacities are used, with optimizations applied to minimize
environmental impact.
In Module A3 (Manufacturing), the steel is perforated and bend or roll-formed into the desired type.
If not pre-coated, the ceilings are powder-coated after cleaning. Waste steel generated during
production is collected and returned to the recycling loop. All production processes comply with EN
13964 and TAIM e.V. (THM) standards, ensuring consistent quality and performance. The use of
green energy in manufacturing is demonstrated through contractual instruments (GOs, RECs,
etc.), and its use is ensured throughout the validity period of this EPD.
Finished products are packed using cardboard boxes and bundled with accessories like
suspension components. Packaging materials are selected for easy separation and recycling in
accordance with local regulations.
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Steel | Building
