md-19005-en - Flipbook - Side 6
Product Life-Cycle
System Boundary
This EPD covers the life-cycle modules listed in the following table.
Product stage
Assembly
stage
Use stage
A1
A4
B1
A2
A3
A5
B2
End of life stage
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
C1
C2
C3
Beyond the
system
boundaries
C4
D
MND
MND
MND
MND
MND
MND
x
x
x
Use
Maintenance
Repair
Replacement
Refurbishment
Operational energy use
Operational water use
Deconstruction/ demolition
Transport
Waste processing
Recycling
MND
Assembly
Recovery
MND
Transport
x
MND
Manufacturing
Reuse
x
Transport
Disposal
x
Raw materials
x
x
Modules not declared = MND. Modules not relevant = MNR
Manufacturing And Packaging (A1-A3)
The environmental impacts considered for the product stage cover the manufacturing of raw
materials used in the production as well as packaging materials and other ancillary materials. Also,
fuels used by machines, and handling of waste formed in the production processes at the
manufacturing facilities are included in this stage. The study also considers the material losses
occurring during the manufacturing processes as well as losses during electricity transmission.
The aluminium ceilings are manufactured through a continuous and efficient production process. In
A1 (raw material supply), primary aluminium is extracted and processed into flat sheets or coils.
These are either delivered pre-coated or prepared for surface treatment later in the process. The
upstream production of aluminium is energy-intensive, but the material offers high durability and
excellent recyclability. During A2 (transport), aluminium is delivered to the production facilities,
primarily by road transport, with optimised logistics to minimise environmental impact.
In A3 (manufacturing), the aluminium is (perforated, and) bend or roll-formed into the desired
ceiling type. If not pre-coated, the ceilings are powder- or wet-coated after cleaning. If perforated,
an acoustic felt is thermally bonded to the reverse side using a hot-melt adhesive for added
acoustic performance. All production stages are conducted in accordance with EN 13964 and TAIM
e.V. (THM) technical standards. Scrap material generated during production is collected and
returned to the recycling loop. The use of green energy in manufacturing is demonstrated through
contractual instruments (GOs, RECs, etc.), and its use is ensured throughout the validity period of
this EPD.
The ceilings are packaged using recyclable materials such as wooden pallets, cardboard, and
plastic sheeting. Packaging is designed for easy separation and recycling in line with local waste
management guidelines.
5
Aluminium | Building
